This article (with relevance to mental health) has been published in BMC Medicine. It begins:
“Gut microbiota composition has been associated with multiple health outcomes: various studies employing predictive genetic studies and randomised controlled trials suggest this is the case. More specifically, it has long been postulated that the direct connections between the central nervous system and the gut may make the contents of the intestines a key regulator in a variety of central nervous system disorders. Probiotics comprise live bacteria and yeasts ingested as food supplements. Whilst the interest in and availability of probiotics for a range of disorders grows every year, the evidence to support such interventions is unclear. With the rise of “psychobiotics”, where does the clinical utility of interventions into gut microbiota as a treatment for neurological disorders currently sit? …”
You can read more from here.